Maryland Centreville
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Centreville is an incorporated town in Queen Anne's County, Maryland, United States. Today there are 157 incorporated towns in Maryland, and Centerville became one over 200 years ago, in 1794. [1] The population was 1,970 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Queen Anne's County[2]. The ZIP code is 21617 and the area code is 410. The local telephone exchange is 758. It hosts the Queen Anne's County Fair each summer and was home to three franchises during the existence of the Eastern Shore Baseball League -- the Colts, Red Sox, and Orioles.
GeographyCentreville is located at (39.046206, -76.064345)[3]. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.1 square miles (5.4 kmĀ²), all of it land. DemographicsAs of the census[4] of 2000, there were 1,970 people, 807 households, and 497 families residing in the town. The population density was 937.9 people per square mile (362.2/kmĀ²). There were 866 housing units at an average density of 412.3/sq mi (159.2/kmĀ²). The racial makeup of the town was 78.68% White, 19.24% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.56% Asian, 0.15% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.81% of the population. There were 807 households out of which 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.4% were non-families. 32.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.84. In the town the population was spread out with 21.7% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 22.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.7 males. The median income for a household in the town was $41,100, and the median income for a family was $55,595. Males had a median income of $37,011 versus $25,625 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,630. About 8.1% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.3% of those under age 18 and 17.4% of those age 65 or over. HistoryThe origin of Centreville's name is a seemingly simple one. The town's official website provides some insight on how the name came to be. "In 1782, an Act of the Assembly authorized the removal of the county seat from Queenstown, Maryland to a more central part of the county. Thatās why the town was named "Centre Ville", with French spelling because of the post-Revolutionary War admiration for the French."[5] However, there is a little more the story. Saint Paulās Perish was established on the site that would later become known as Centreville, Maryland.[6] It was almost 100 years later, in 1782, that the Maryland State Assembly passed an Act to relocate both the courthouse and all government functions of the county to Centreville from Queenstown, making Centreville the new county seat.[7] However, it took a decade for the appropriate land to be acquired and for the change to take place. A plantation called Chesterfield was chosen as the land to use for the new town which would hold the countyās courthouse, and, once the town and court house were completed, on the first of June 1796, the county court, āordered [the courthouse] to be ātaken, held and deemed to be the proper Court House of Queen Anneās Countyāā. [8] In 1782, the Queen Anneās county courthouse was moved from its original location in Queenstown, Maryland to an area that would, twelve years later, be named Centreville. The buildingās location, at the head of the Corsica River, encouraged population growth in the area.[9] Centreville became an incorporated town in 1794, two years after the courthouse was completed. At the same time, the town laid out, including four streets that remain today: MD 213, S. Liberty St., N. Commerce St., Water St. (MD 304).[10] Once Centreville was officially home to Queen Anneās county government, lawmakers and officials decided it was appropriate to name the new town in accordance with the new location. Centreville (named partly due to the townās central location) was also chosen because of its prime location on the Corsica River. Easy access to shipping, trading, and naval waters allowed the town to flourish and to become an important Maryland location. [11] Today, Centreville is the largest town in Queen Anneās county, with a population of 2,097. Many residents of the town work in some capacity to supply public officials and farmers with the resources necessary to maintain Centrevilleās economy and preserve its place as an important and historical place in Maryland. [12] The Maryland Municipal Leagueās Website, āThe Association of Cities and Townsā, notes that Centrevilleās, ā[h]istory is reflected in the diverse architecture seen along the streets of the townāelegant Victorian homes with their wrap-around porches, neo-classical public buildings, late-19th-century commercial rows, late-20th-century institutional and government structures, and all the variations and curiosities in betweenā. [13] Centreville Historic District, Centreville, Maryland CourthouseThe oldest courthouse in continuous use, and once of two 18th century courthouses in Maryland, the Queen Anneās County Courthouse is located at 120 North Commerce Street. The location for the courthouse, and for the town of Centerville, was a piece of land on which Judge Joseph Hopper Nicholson lived on at the time[14]. In 1792 the Flemish-bond brick building was completed[15]. At the time it was composed of four rooms, two in the center and one on each side. The courthouseās use was increasing, so, in 1876 it was renovated and remodeled to add more space[16]. An iron balcony was also added to the second story [17]. A unique feature of the courthouse is a gold eagle on the main buildingās rooftop. The eagle is thought to be symbolic of Americaās freedom from England and relays the idea of independence [18]. In Judge John W. Sause, Jr.ās essay, āWhy the Eagleā, he connects the idea of freedom and the importance of the United Statesā seal to the courthouseās eagle. Here, he writes, āExecuted by an unknown hand, undoubtedly that of an artisan rather than an artistā¦our eagle looked down upon the comings and going of the courtyard, the tears and smiles of its citizens and the successes and failures of the poliical system which it was designed to representā. [19] A statue names for Princess Anne of England sits in front of the courthouse. The princess attended the dedication (1977) for the only statue outside of her country which bares her name [20]. Today, the courthouse remains an important figure in Centreville, Queen Anneās County, and the state of Maryland. Keeping true to its original form, the buildingās exterior is true to its original look[21]. References
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