Hadley, Massachusetts
Location in Hampshire County in Massachusetts
Coordinates: 42°20′30″N 72°35′20″W / 42.34167, -72.58889
Country	United States
State	Massachusetts
County	Hampshire
Settled	1659
Incorporated	1661
Government
- Type	Open town meeting
Area
- Total	24.7 sq mi (64.0 km²)
- Land	23.3 sq mi (60.4 km²)
- Water	1.4 sq mi (3.7 km²)
Elevation	129 ft (39 m)
Population (2000)
- Total	4,793
- Density	205.7/sq mi (79.4/km²)
Time zone	Eastern (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code	01035
Area code(s)	413
FIPS code	25-27690
GNIS feature ID	0618201
Website: http://www.hadleyma.org/

Hadley is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 4,793 at the 2000 census.

History

Early

Hadley was first settled in 1659 and was officially incorporated in 1661. Its settlers were primarily a discontented group of families from the puritan colonies of Hartford and Wethersfield, Connecticut, who petitioned to start a new colony up north after some controversy over doctrine in the local church. At the time, Hadley encompassed a wide radius of land on both sides of the Connecticut River, but mostly on the eastern shore. In the following century, these were broken off into precincts and eventually the separate towns of Hatfield, Amherst, South Hadley, Granby and Belchertown. The early histories of these towns are, as a result, filed under the history of Hadley.

Edward Whalley and General William Goffe, two Puritan generals hunted for their role in the execution (or "regicide") of Charles I of England, were hidden[1] in the home of the town's minister, John Russell. During King Philip's War, an attack by Native Americans was, by some accounts, thwarted with the aid of General Goffe. This event, compounded with the understandable reluctance of the townsfolk to betray Goffe's location, developed into the legend of the Angel of Hadley, which came to be included in the historical manuscript "History of Hadley" by Sylvester Judd.^[1]

In 1683, eleven years before the Salem Witch Trials, Molly Webster[2] was accused and acquitted of witchcraft charges. She was unsuccessfully hung by rowdy town folk. A description is given in Cotton Mather's Magnalia Christi Americana.

The Civil War general Joseph Hooker was a longtime resident of Hadley. Levi Stockbridge, founder of the Massachusetts Agricultural College (now University of Massachusetts, Amherst), was also from Hadley where he was a farmer.

Recent

Hadley's transformation from an old agricultural order to the new form is the direct result of expansion of the nearby University of Massachusetts Amherst during the 1960s. Much of its former farmland was swallowed in the housing market stimulated by incoming faculty and off-campus students. Route 116 was redirected in an attempt to solve traffic congestion. The central Route 9 became a hotpoint for commercial development, and large corporations such as Stop & Shop and McDonald's moved in. To this day, the Hadley economy is a mixture of agriculture and sprawl. Recently announced development includes a Wal-Mart Supercenter, a Home Depot and a Lowe's, plus more than a dozen other stores. Residents recently passed a limit on retail store size at 75,000 square feet (7,000 m²), but it will not affect these large projects. In 2003, an organization called Hadley Neighbors for Sensible Development^[2] was formed that has opposed continued large scale commercial development in Hadley by emphasizing the down side of such growth. However many local residents support commercial development and about 1,000 people signed a petition asking for a new Wal-Mart saying it would save them money on their groceries.^[3]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 24.7 square miles (64.0 km²), of which, 23.3 square miles (60.4 km²) of it is land and 1.4 square miles (3.7 km²) of it (5.74%) is water. Hadley is bordered by Northampton to the west, Hatfield to the northwest, Sunderland to the north, Amherst to the east, and South Hadley to the south.

Demographics

As of the census^[4] of 2000, there were 4,793 people, 1,895 households, and 1,248 families residing in the town. The population density was 205.7 people per square mile (79.4/km²). There were 1,953 housing units at an average density of 83.8/sq mi (32.3/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 95.91% White, 0.75% African American, 0.6% Native American, 1.56% Asian, 0.58% from other races, and 1.13% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.67% of the population.

There were 1,895 households out of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.1% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.1% were non-families. 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.90.

The population was spread out with 20.0% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 25.7% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 88.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $51,851, and the median income for a family was $61,897. Males had a median income of $44,773 versus $34,189 for females. The per capita income for the town was $24,945. About 4.8% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.6% of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Hadley is governed by open Town Meeting, a form of government most common to New England. The Board of Selectmen consists of five members and is elected annually on the second Tuesday in April. There is a Town Administrator as well. The Town Meeting takes place the first Thursday in May.

Town Administrator

• David G. Nixon

Board of Selectmen

• Joyce Chunglo
• Gerald Devine, Chair
• Daniel Dudkiewicz
• Barbara O'Connor
• Brian West

Points of interest

• Porter Phelps Huntington Museum [3]
• Skinner State Park and Historic Summit House [4]
• Hadley Farm Museum [5]
• Hadley Town Common (longest in Massachusetts) [6]
• Norwottuck Rail Trail Bike Path [7]
• North Hadley Sugar Shack [8]
• Hadley Garden Center [9]
• Plainville Farm
• Wanczk Nursery [10]

Notable residents

• Elizabeth Porter Phelps, River Goddess, ran 600-acre (2.4 km²) farm on Connecticut River [11]
• Joseph Hooker, Civil War general

Notes and references

External links

• Hadley's official website
• Guide to Hadley
• Mass.gov Hadley page
• Introduction to "History of Hadley"
• The Hadley Farm Museum
• Cider Press & Lovecraftian Mythos
• Porter-Phelps-Huntington House Museum
• Hadley Neighbors for Sensible Development
• The Angel of Hadley

v â€¢ d â€¢ e Municipalities and communities of Hampshire County, Massachusetts
Cities	Easthampton | Northampton
Towns	Amherst | Belchertown | Chesterfield | Cummington | Goshen | Granby | Hadley | Hatfield | Huntington | Middlefield | Pelham | Plainfield | South Hadley | Southampton | Ware | Westhampton | Williamsburg | Worthington
CDPs	Amherst Center | Belchertown | Granby | Hatfield | North Amherst | South Amherst | Ware
Villages	Florence | Leeds | Mount Tom