Osawatomie, Kansas
Location of Osawatomie, Kansas
Coordinates: 38°30′6″N 94°57′3″W / 38.50167, -94.95083
Country	United States
State	Kansas
County	Miami
Area
- Total	4.5 sq mi (11.6 km²)
- Land	4.4 sq mi (11.5 km²)
- Water	0.0 sq mi (0.1 km²)
Elevation	869 ft (265 m)
Population (2000)
- Total	4,645
- Density	1,045.0/sq mi (403.5/km²)
Time zone	Central (CST) (UTC-6)
- Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code	66064
Area code(s)	913
FIPS code	20-53225[1]
GNIS feature ID	0479709[2]

Statue of John Brown in Osawatomie, Kansas

Osawatomie is a city in Miami County, Kansas, United States, 61 miles (98 km) southwest of Kansas City. The population was 4,645 at the 2000 census. It derives its name from two streams near by, the Osage and Potawatomie. It is the only town of its name in the United States, and possibly the only Osawatomie in the world.^{[citation needed]} In 1900, 4,101 people lived in Osawatomie; in 1910, 4,046. Osawatomie was chartered in 1883 and in 1890 became a second-class city. The commission form of government was adopted in 1914.

History

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Osawatomie was one of the free-State settlements made by the Emigrant Aid Society in 1855. On August 30, 1856, abolitionist John Brown lead the defense against a pro-slavery invasion of the town. After he and his followers were dispersed, the town was almost completely demolished by the proslavery men.

In 1859, the first convention of the Kansas Republican Party was held in Osawatomie. Republican Party founder and New York Times editor Horace Greeley was among those in attendance.

Osawatomie is the site of the oldest state psychiatric hospital in Kansas, first established as the "Kansas Insane Asylum" in 1866. It was renamed "Osawatomie State Hospital" in 1901. At opening, it had only 12 beds, but the number quickly grew to the point where the patient to physician ratio in 1945 was 854:1. Osawatomie State Hospital was the last Kansas hospital to abandon the use of restraints, continuing to use straightjackets as late as 1956. These practices have since been discontinued. The hospital currently has 176 beds and serves 46 counties in Kansas.

Osawatomie is surrounded by the two rivers. There is an Indian legend stating that a village in between two rivers cannot be touched by a tornado, since there is a body of water on each side. A tornado has never touched down in Osawatomie.

Crime

For a town of its size (4,645 at the 2000 census.), Osawatomie has an unusually high crime rate.

Geography

Osawatomie is located at 38°30′6″N, 94°57′3″W (38.501650, -94.950799)^[3], along the Marais des Cygnes River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.5 square miles (11.6 km²), of which, 4.4 square miles (11.5 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.1 km²) of it (1.11%) is water.

Demographics

As of the census^[1] of 2000, there were 4,645 people, 1,781 households, and 1,130 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,045.0 people per square mile (403.9/km²). There were 1,947 housing units at an average density of 438.0/sq mi (169.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.21% White, 4.16% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.75% from other races, and 2.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.54% of the population.

There were 1,781 households out of which 34.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.5% were non-families. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the city the population was spread out with 27.2% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 90.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,104, and the median income for a family was $37,172. Males had a median income of $30,650 versus $23,043 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,353. About 10.9% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.5% of those under age 18 and 10.6% of those age 65 or over.

References

1. ^ ^{a b} American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
2. ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
3. ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.

• Kansas SRS on Osawatomie State Hospital
• KS Historical Society on Osawatomie State Hospital

External links

• City of Osawatomie Official Website
• John Brown Museum
• Historic letters written from Osawatomie

• Osawatomie, Kansas is at coordinates 38°30′06″N 94°57′03″W / 38.50165, -94.950799 (Osawatomie, Kansas)Coordinates: 38°30′06″N 94°57′03″W / 38.50165, -94.950799 (Osawatomie, Kansas)

v â€¢ d â€¢ e Municipalities and communities of Miami County, Kansas County seat: Paola Cities Fontana | Louisburg | Osawatomie | Paola | Spring Hill